“Begin with the end in mind.”
— Stephen R. Covey, from The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People
Scenario: Eli’s First Steps in Dementia Care Training
Meet Eli. Eli is an instructional designer known for building courses that actually stick. One afternoon, Eli’s manager shares a new assignment:
“We need a course on dementia care. Here’s the source material—it’s three different PowerPoint decks from different departments. Good luck!”
Eli looks at the slides and sighs, wondering: Where do I even start?
Steps for Developing Learning Objectives
To Guide Eli’s Learning Objectives, He Should Follow These Seven Steps:
- Find the Purpose
- Determine the Anatomy of the Learning Objectives
- Start with the End in Mind
- Use Bloom’s Verbs
- Make Objectives SMART
- Keep it Real with Scenarios
- Communicate and Refine
Seven Steps for Developing Learning Objectives
Step 1: Find the Purpose
Eli knows that diving straight into PowerPoints slides is a trap. If you don’t set clear goals for what the training should cover, you risk losing focus—or creating a course that doesn’t meet anyone’s needs.
For example, if the training is supposed to address topics A (communication strategies), B (managing daily activities), and C (recognizing caregiver stress), but nothing is clearly stated, what’s to stop stakeholders or subject matter experts from adding unrelated topics? Without learning objectives, the scope can easily balloon.
That’s why Eli’s first step is to clarify the process: set the course goals before building any content.
Step 2: Anatomy of a Learning Objective
Eli remembers the anatomy of a learning objective: action, condition, and standard.
- Action: What should learners do after the course?
- Condition: Under what circumstances or with what resources?
- Standard: How will success be measured?
Instead of a vague goal like “learn about dementia care,” Eli drafts something concrete:
“By the end of this training, learners will demonstrate three communication techniques (action) in role-play scenarios with caregivers (condition) with at least 80% accuracy according to the checklist (standard).”
This clarity makes evaluation—and learner success—possible.
Step 3: Start With the End in Mind
Eli designs objectives by asking: What should learners be able to do by the end? The focus isn’t just on “knowing” but on applying skills in real situations.
Looking at the slides, Eli notices a lot of medical definitions. They’re helpful background but won’t necessarily help a community health worker (CHW) or family caregiver talk calmly to a distressed client. By focusing on the end goals, Eli filters out unnecessary information and keeps the course practical.
Step 4: Use Bloom’s Verbs
Eli leans on Bloom’s Taxonomy to make objectives measurable. Instead of saying “understand dementia behaviors,” Eli swaps in clearer verbs:
- “Identify” early signs of dementia.
- “Demonstrate” communication strategies for calming agitation.
- “Evaluate” a care plan for alignment with client needs.
Each verb creates a sharper expectation for learners and ties directly to observable skills.
Step 5: Make Objectives SMART
Eli strengthens the objectives using the SMART framework: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound.
For example:
“By the end of this module, learners will develop a daily activity plan (Specific) that includes at least three personalized strategies for engagement (Measurable), using the provided template (Achievable), tailored to the needs of a person living with dementia (Relevant), within a 20-minute group activity (Time-bound).”
This makes the outcome clear for everyone—learners, trainers, and stakeholders.
Step 6: Keep It Real with Scenarios
Dementia care is all about real-world interactions. Instead of giving abstract information, Eli frames objectives through relatable scenarios.
For example, rather than:
“Learners will recognize caregiver stress.”
Eli reframes it as:
“Given a case study of a family caregiver (condition), learners will identify three signs of stress (action) and recommend one support strategy (standard).”
This helps learners see themselves in the situation and practice strategies they can use immediately.
Step 7: Communicate and Refine
Eli makes sure objectives aren’t hidden in the facilitator’s guide. They’re visible to learners at the start of each module, repeated during activities, and tied directly to knowledge checks.
After the pilot run, Eli gathers feedback: Did learners meet the objectives? Were they practical? Did they help build confidence in dementia care skills? If not, it’s back to refining for the next version.

Bloom’s Verbs
Conclusion
At the end of the project, Eli realizes that the three PowerPoints were just raw ingredients. The real value came from following the process: clarifying the scope, building strong objectives with action, condition, and standard, applying Bloom’s verbs, making them SMART, and rooting them in real-world dementia care scenarios.
That’s how Eli turned scattered slides into a purposeful course that equips caregivers and CHWs with skills they can use.
And that’s the heart of instructional design: when you train with purpose, your objectives don’t just guide learning—they make it stick.
How PHF Can Help
PHF’s eLearning development services team created learning objectives that are relevant, actionable, and a powerful guide for learners. We work with public health organizations to:
- Set clear goals for your training with a focus on applying learned skills
- Design learning objectives using SMART goals, Bloom’s verbs, and real-world scenarios
- Develop customized eLearning solutions that are measurable, sustainable, and impactful
Ready to get started?
Visit PHF’s eLearning Development Services page to learn more and contact us today!
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